Another differentiating aspect is the thickness of the cable. As you can see the connector head looks substantially different than the parallel cable simply because it is smaller and does not have visible pins. The USB cable is an example of a serial style cable. Serial cables are much more common to spot in everyday life. The cable is generally thick and stiff feeling when compared to serial cables because of the number of wires that are in the cable. The connection is uninterrupted from one end to the other. For every pin on the male side of the connecter head, you can find an input slot on the female end of the cable. These pins are directly linked to an individual wire in the cable. Parallel cables are most easy to spot if you can see individual pins visible on the connector head as seen in the picture below. Parallel cables are generally thicker and shorter than serial cables, and typically have larger more complex connector heads. The cables used for parallel and serial communication look quite a bit different from each other. All data must be received at the same exact time for the packet to be received properly and without error. All data is sent in unison in parallel communication and uses a one wire or lane per bit. This means that the data packet is received by the endpoint device at once. Each bit of data is sent over a single wire, so an eight-bit packet (or 1 byte) would require eight individual wires to carry the message. In parallel, devices send and receive multiple bits of information simultaneously. Using the same imagery as before, parallel communication requires more lanes than serial. All of the data is received and assembled one bit at a time by the receiving device. Bits are sent sequentially with a start and stop bit placed at the beginning or end of the packet. Serial communication takes place on a single wire, or in this case one lane on the road. The lanes on the interstate will be representative of the individual lanes or wires being used for communication and the cars represent bits of data. Serial communication can be best visualized using an analogy of a freeway or interstate highway. In this article we will discuss the differences between two common modes of communication: serial and parallel. The type of cable/wire and communication varies based on the specific application being used. In embedded systems, devices communicate by sending and receiving messages often via cables and wires.
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